Schneider, Hanna: One does not simply summarize previous studies. A systematic review of research on internet memes

With the ¿eternal rye¿ experiment, laid out by Julius Kühn in 1878, the Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg has the second oldest long-term fertilization trial of the world after Rothamstedt (UK). In addition, four more long-term fertilization experiments as well as one soil development trial exist in Halle, all founded by Karl Schmalfuß in 1948/49. Wolfgang Merbach and Annette Deubel summarize the most important results and draw conclusions for the continuation of these internationally important experiments. (Deubel, Annette~Merbach, Wolfgang)

Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1,0, University of Kassel (Gesellschaftswissenschaften - Geschichte Nordmerikas und Großbritanniens), course: Britain and the European integration process, language: English, abstract: 'The 2007 Survey of Think Tanks' states that out of a total of 1198 think tanks in Western Europe, 283 operate from within the United Kingdom.1 This is by far the highest number amongst the member states of the EU. There is a long tradition of think tanks in Britain. Informal groups and individuals were offering political advice since the eighteenth century, maybe earlier.2 In this essay I try to examine some of the major British think tanks that focus on the European Union and their politics concerning the EU. Where possible, I will give evidence on how they actually influenced British policy making in terms of the EU. I will examine the possibilities of how think tanks can influence governments and public opinion and I will summarize some of the criticism on think tanks in general. [...] (Giepen, Matthias)

Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 2,0, University of Rostock (Anglistik/ Amerikanistik), course: HS: Contact Linguistics and Mixed-Language Genesis: the Case of English, language: English, abstract: As the topic of this terms seminar ¿ Contact Linguistics and Mixed-Language Genesis: the Case of English¿ was, I soon thought about the idea to write this term paper about Spanish speaking people living in the south of the United States of America. As a student of both languages, it is interesting for me to see how the so- called Hispanics and Americans live together on American territory and in which way both world languages influence each other. Is there also an influence of Spanish on English, or is it just the other way around? I would like to have a closer look on the term ¿Spanglish¿, what it means and as what it could be described in linguistical terms. Is it already an independent language or could it become one? As a starting point it might be interesting to give an overview of the historical and contemporary situation of Hispanics in the USA. Proceeding from that introduction, I will come to the linguistical aspects. First, I will give a few explanation of terms that might be interesting in the case of Spanish speaking people living in the USA. On that foundation I will attempt not just to have a look on the term Spanglish, but with the help of an example also try to define what kind of linguistical phenomenon it might be. Finally, I will try to examine the sociocultural circumstances that can be found in those areas like New Mexico, Texas, California, Colorado or Arizona. A conclusion shall summarize the results of my work and I will try to express my view on the entire situation of Hispanics in the USA. (Linkner, Franziska)

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2005 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 2,0, University of Münster (Institut für Politikwissenschaft; Faculty for Business, Public Administration and Technology), course: Public Administration, language: English, abstract: I.1. Introduction and Problem Definition On its way from an economical partnership to a political union the EU has faced a long-time debate about its democratic deficits. Discussions and proposed remedies focused mainly on the institutional side of the problem and the ques-tion of how the institutions can be democratised. Since the 1990s the debate about European identity and citizenship attracted the limelight of the political debate within the European Union. However, this paper will neither focus on the institutional nor on the identity part of the debate about the democratic deficits of the EU, but will focus on a dimension in between. Direct democracy, as in the Greek city states, is, because of the size of modern democracies, not feasible anymore. The media is needed to communicate deci-sions (top-down) as well as the will of the people (bottom-up). (Mass-) media creates publicity. On a national level there is a network of print, TV and online media, which creates a tight arrangement of top-down and bottom-up communi-cation: national publicity. The European Union, with its multi-level-governance structures and the heterogeneous identities, is more complex than a nation state. European Publicity can be seen from two angles: In the first place European Publicity as ¿EU wide publicity¿ ¿ which means Europe wide media and also a common communication-place for European topics from a huge variety of par-ticipants. From this angle the lack of ¿a common European Mediä ¿ although attempts like ¿Euronews¿ are a first step - could be analysed. Furthermore there is a language problem with regard to ¿EU wide publicity¿. Within the EU there is no common language; therefore there cannot be (at the moment) media which is comprehensible for everyone. To summarize this part of European publicity: If no one listens there cannot be publicity. But this view is of no relevance for this paper. [...] (Cosse, Hannah)

Schiffermayer, Wolfgang: Resümee

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